I.P. Dzyuba, postgraduate student.

V.M. Shulyat'ev, professor, Dr.Hab. Omsk state technical university, Omsk

 

Key words: students, training process, football sports specialization, technical preparedness, competitive activity.

Introduction. University physical education is to ensure the maximum professionally-applied effect to develop initiative, original thinking, insistence, ambition and ability to risk. The convergence of subjective desires and goals of students with objectively set tasks of physical education in a high school is important for improvement of the educational process [1, 3]. Sports sessions are one of the forms of student’s self-expression and self-assertion, defining his way of life, general cultural and socially important priorities.

The matters of teaching students specialized in football within the training process of the discipline "Physical culture" with its compulsory parts (athletics, gymnastics, skiing and sports games), without decent special training experience in this area are still understudied. The lack of the information on the structure of special fitness of students specialized in football makes it difficult to choose exercises forming technical and tactical actions necessary in competitive activity. Moreover, the lack of the data on involvement of competitive activity in the technique of teaching technical and tactical actions for this category of students proves the urgency of the matter.

The purpose of the study was to design the structure of physical and technical and tactical preparedness of students specialized in football based on the competitive activity.

Materials and methods. Physical and technical skills were studied using of traditional methods such as: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, questionnaire, educational observations, experiment, test of overall and special fitness, appraisal of competitive activity, video observation, processing of results by the Shapiro-Wilk’s - w, Fisher’s - F, Student's t coefficients within and between groups, and special technical and tactical actions by the Wilcoxon rank test.

We observed 120 first-year students (from eight faculties of Omsk State Technical University), who have chosen the football sports specialization in the discipline "Physical Culture" and 30 students from the university national team who were to perform specific technical and tactical actions in competitive activity, which was the model for further research .

50 students of sports specialization “football”, divided into the experimental (EG) and control groups (CG) were the subjects of the forming experiment. The students of the EG trained according to our program of training sessions based on competitive activities within the academic schedule twice a week for at the 1^st and 2^nd years of study and once – at the 3-4^th years. Students of the CG trained by the traditional methodology, i.e. the initial training program for Specialized Children’s Sport School of Olympic reserve (simplified version).

Results and discussion. As a result, questions remain open about the sequence of studies of individual elements of playing technique, its tactics in different circumstances and the essence of competitive activity as a whole that gives results, i.e. building a department team to participate in university matches with further potential qualification of players to the university national team, due to the fact that some players leave every year after graduation.

Proceeding from the results of the preliminary study of technical skills, students specializing in football at the early phase of the preliminary period have kick actions without a clear target dominating. While they hardly use the technical elements directly related to the ball control, because they do not know them. The lack of initial training of students who have chosen this specialization made us search for an innovative approach in development of technical activities such as accelerated training [14].

Estimation of indices consists in comparing actual results with the adopted standard. In our study, the model for students specializing in football is the national team of Omsk State Technical University.

The optimum order and duration of inclusion of loads of different orientations to the structure of the training process of the students specializing in football was theoretically and experimentally approved based on these studies [6,12].

In our opinion, effectiveness of such a content is determined by the rational combination of general and special loads, as well as the inclusion of competitive activity, since the structural content in our case is supposed for a relatively short period of time (a total of 68 hours per semester) with a further break for examinations and the next semester with the same number of hours.

In this regard, the leading role is given to optimization and continuity of technical and tactical training, ensuring creation of "positive signs" from the previous to the current and future impacts. That is why more such technical elements as dribbling (up to 30%), short and medium passes and goal attempts, team actions in various combinations, inclusion of competitive exercises at the beginning of training and considering the features of competitive activity of the OmSTU team were added to the structure and content of planning of overall and special training of students of the EG.

In addition, overall fitness physical fitness and technical and tactical skills were improved.

A significant positive trend of growth of the success motivation (to take first place in inter-faculty competition and get into the university team) was observed in the experimental group after the experiment, along with its slight increase in the control group. This result is explained by the fact that regular competitive activity was originally observed in the training process in the experimental group.

Conclusion. The studies proved the necessity of starting education with special methods of technical and tactical actions, facilitating mastering of the team game of technical university students specialized in football.

The inclusion of competitive activity to the structure of the training process on early stages (1^st year) increases motivation of students to succeed in football classes (the potential of becoming a member of the faculty team and a chance of being a part of the university team).

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