PhD O.V. Alekseeva¹
PhD Y.A. Bondarchuk^1,2
Dr.Med., Associate Professor I.I. Shakhmatov^1,2
А.А. Blazhko¹
S.V. Moskalenko^1
1Altai State Medical University, Barnaul
²Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine (PhBMRI), Novosibirsk

Keywords: psycho-emotional stress; physical activity; hemostasis.

Introduction. In everyday life, most often several stress factors affect the body. Human activity in the conditions of modern man-made environment is accompanied by constant psychophysical tension. An example of synergy of two extreme factors can be considered the combined effect of psycho-emotional stress and physical activity [3, 4]. Psycho-emotional stress has a significant impact on the work of the whole organism, its certain organs and systems, including hemostasis system functional state [5, 6, 7, 8]. Despite a large number of studies, data on the impact of psycho-emotional stress on hemostasis are highly controversial.

Objective of the study was to analyze the influence of the psycho-emotional component of stress effect on the parameters of the hemostasis system within a single physical activity.

Methods and structure of research. The studies were performed in 98 mature male Wistar rats, which comprised two experimental groups differing in the type of stress effect. A single two-hour physical activity was modeled as forced walking in a treadmill for 2 hours at the speed of 6-8 m/min (the first test group, n = 10). The animals of the second test group (n = 18) underwent a combined effect of psycho-emotional stress and physical activity, which was modeled as one-time two-hour swimming in water with additional weight. The additional weight was 6% of the animal body weight attached to the base of the tail, which ensured active swimming, as the passive "hovering" in water prevented from the target activity – swimming [2, 4]. Since the rat is a land animal, being in the water caused psycho-emotional stress [3]. To obtain reference values ​​of the hemostasis system, the blood of 70 intact animals that were on a free diet in spacious cells was examined.

The study material was the blood taken immediately after the end of stress exposure. Experiments with animals and their contents were carried out in accordance to the European Convention and the Directives for protection of vertebrate animals (Commission of the European Communities, 86/609 / EEC, ISSN 03780 6978, 1986). In all animals the platelet and coagulation hemostasis values and anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma were studied [1] using "Technologia-Standart" sets (Russia).

Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using nonparametric methods (the Mann-Whitney U test) using the computer program Statistica 8.0 (StatSoft, USA). Differences were considered reliable at a level of statistical significance with p <0.05.

Results and discussion. As seen from Table 1, single two-hour physical activity caused activation of platelet hemostasis and, to a lesser extent, coagulation hemostasis. These changes were accompanied by a slight increase in the antithrombin III affinity for heparin (an increase in the antithrombin plasma reserve (ARP)) with its reduced content due to significant inhibition of fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma.

Table 1. The state of the hemostasis system after a single physical activity and one-time swimming with additional weight (M±m)

Note: * - signs that do not comply with the normal distribution; n – the number of observations; p – the level of statistical significance of the differences between the indicators compared.

Two-hour physical activity in the form of swimming with additional weight had a more pronounced effect on the hemostasis system. In the coagulation profile of animals, activation of platelet and coagulation hemostasis was observed with the threat of intravascular thrombus formation as an increase in the level of SFMCs (soluble fibrin-monomer complexes), reduction of fibrinogen and anticoagulant activity of blood plasma. At the same time, due to coagulation activation, there was a concomitant increase in the fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma.

Conclusions. This study showed that the changes in the hemostasis system that occur upon exposure to a single two-hour physical activity increase when psycho-emotional stress and physical activity are combined as in two-hour swimming [6, 8]. This is manifested in the increasing activation of the contact phase, the final stages of coagulation, the appearance of thrombinemia markers (an increase in SFMCs), a decrease in anticoagulant activity and an increase in the fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma.

References:

1. Barkagan Z.S., Momot A.P. Diagnostika i kontroliruemaya terapiya narusheniy gemostaza [Diagnostics and controlled therapy of hemostatic disorders]. Moscow: Newdiamed-AO publ., 2008, 292 p.
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Corresponding author: alekseeva0506@mail.ru

Abstract

The hemostasis system changes under the influence of the psycho-emotional component of the stress effect within a single physical activity have been studied. The studies were performed in male laboratory mature Wistar rats (n = 98), which comprised two experimental groups differing in the type of stress effect and a control group of intact animals. Physical activity alone (treadmill walking) and psycho-emotional stress and physical activity combined (swimming with additional weight on the tail) were used as stress factors.

The results of the study showed that a single two-hour physical activity leads to platelet and plasma hemostasis activation, anticoagulant system and fibrinolysis suppression.

The combination of physical activity and psycho-emotional stress (two-hour swimming with additional weight) causes the activation of platelet and coagulation hemostasis with the threat of intravascular thrombus formation as thrombinemia, a decrease in fibrinogen amount, in anticoagulant system activity and activation of fibrinolytic system of blood plasma.