Age-specific explosive strength building process in cross-country skier’s ontogenesis

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PhD A.I. Golovachev1
Dr.Biol. T.F. Abramova1
Dr.Biol., PhD B.A. Dyshko2
PhD S.V. Shirokova1
1All-Russian Research Institute for Physical Culture and Sport, Moscow
2LLC "Sport Technology" Association of Sports Engineering, Moscow
3Moscow Secondary Special School of Olympic Reserve № 2 Moskomsport, Moscow

The study analyzes the age-specific explosive strength rating test data including the maximum push-off (ground response) force (Fmax), maximal force time (Tmax) и strength gradient (Jabs) in the cross-country skier’s ontogenesis. The study found that the maximum push-off (ground response) force and its time and strength gradient normally grows in the period of 11 to 22 years of age i.e. in the adolescent to adult life period. The strength progress peak point may be fixed when no statistically significant difference is found in the subsequent tests. It was found that since 23-28 years of age (early adulthood period) the maximum strength of the lower limbs tend to sag with the further (albeit often statistically insignificant) drop in the push-off time to secure further growth of the strength gradient that normally comes to its peak by 26 years of age. The 27-28+ year-old cross-country skiers are diagnosed with a maximum push-off force sagging and push-off time growth trends associated with falls in the strength gradient.

Keywords: sport ontogenesis, growth rate, explosive strength of lower limbs, maximum push-off force, maximum strength time, strength gradient, cross-country skier.

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