I.V. Lavrent'eva, professor, Dr.Sc.Econ.
Ural sociopeconomic institute (branch)
Academy of labour and social relations, Perm
G.B. Belova, professor, Ph.D.
Perm state pedagogical university, Perm
L.I. Moiseeva, associate professor, Ph.D.
Ural state university of physical culture, Chelyabinsk

Key words: health and fitness service, estimated figures, reproduction process, human resource.

Introduction. The current transformational economic and political process in Russia and the orientation to the strategy of innovation development are calling for the qualitatively new status of the country human resources. Lately much attention has been paid to the quoted strategic objective both in political and scientific communities. When a country starts innovative development in order to maintain its competitiveness within the entire world community one is to accept the fact that human resources are its major factor. The lack of science-based approach to the problem of consideration of human assets and human resource depreciation, occasional researches of the problems of intensity and stress in labour activity of employees, the relationship with restoration and recreational activities leave the problems of economic growth in the discourse of the technocratic approach.

In conditions of the scientific and technical progress human resources characterize the economic and social viability of the economy [2]. Competitiveness of any country at the present stage of development depends not only on the raw material component, but on the effective use of labour, status and recovery of human resources. The modern global competition is the competition of the intangible: up to 30-40% of the value of companies falls on their "intangible property" created by the staff. The experience of developed countries shows how profitable the investments in human resource are: every dollar invested, for example, in education, brings from 2 to 10 dollars of profit.

According to experts’ evaluations, the loss of health resources of the working population of Russia amounts to 43% of GDP. Only due to premature mortality of the population in ages of active labour the country’s economic losses reached $ 1.5 billion, or 225 million man-years of active labor over the past decade [7]. Up to 90% of employees in case of illness go to work, these are primarily people who have many dependents and singles with no financial support. [3]

Some publications are especially unsettling [4-6, 8], where the proposition of children’s health deterioration is proved categorically: evolving processes of deceleration, passion for passive leisure activities, alcohol abuse, smoking, growth of invalidization:

• The infant mortality rate in Russia is 3.5 times higher than in the EU countries, and mortality indices of children under 5 years are still at least twice higher than the EU averages. The indices of 75 % fall on external causes - injuries and poisoning. The suicide rate among adolescents is 4 times higher than in the EU countries.
• Over the past 20 years there has been an increased incidence of children in all types of diseases. Only 4% of children in difficult life situations and children being trained in residential institutions can be considered healthy. The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections incidence among children and adolescents is much higher than among the general population. The highest incidence is among 15-17 year olds.
• Over the period 2000-2009 the number of children aged under 14 years who are registered due to alcoholism, has increased by 1.6 times, the number of adolescents aged 14-18 years – by 1.5 times. According to the WHO data, Russia is on the 4th place in the world in the prevalence of smoking among adolescents (over 30 % of boys and 17 % of girls aged 15-18 years are smokers).

The future belongs to the countries that focus their efforts on "human production", quality of life, health production. That is why it becomes obviously important to monitor the progress of the reproduction process - the process starting from obstetric aid, training, teaching to ensuring for a young worker join the corporate working environment, his primary adaptation to working conditions. Recently, due to transition to subsidiary economy, reduction of a great number of welfare programs, fall of the standard of life and the quality of life of the population, increasing incidence, shortening of life of the working population, the need to restore labor is obvious. With the transition to the market economy the most disadvantaged segment of activity was proved to be the one associated with manpower, which is more than any other associated with their restoration.

Putting forward the problem of human resources reproduction actualized the problem of its study and effective use of health and fitness services.

The reasons for this situation are marginalization and underestimation of the impact of the critically important at the moment health and fitness sphere on the status and development of reproduction processes. The sphere of health and fitness services is an object of study, which provides the necessary conditions for sustainable development, protection of life safety, preservation of reliability and country’s national security. To ensure the steady growth of providing health and fitness services to the population a new economic-managerial technology of functioning of the health and fitness sphere and estimated figures of human resources reproduction is to be developed and implemented by providing the health and fitness service.

It is hard to overestimate the importance of the health and fitness sphere and health and fitness services in settling the task of restoration of the wear-out of human resources. In domestic and foreign literature three major approaches to the concept of "service" are highlighted: sectoral, "alternative", specific. The definition of health and fitness service taken from the Russian State Standard [9] as "a performer’s activity to meet the consumer’s needs in promotion and protection of health, physical rehabilitation, as well as carrying out health and fitness and sports leisure will enable stating that this service has mixed characteristics and can be characterized in three aspects.

We can agree that, as for typical services, at the health and fitness service implementation production and consumption occur simultaneously, a consumer is involved in the working and service processes, conveyance of property is lacking, this service is characterized as "intangible".

Although "intangibility" as a typical characteristic of the health and fitness service is typical for it, the positive effect of servicing activity and the benefits can be assessed not only based on subjective level of satisfaction via emotional experiences, sensations, but also on a set of performance indicators of this service.

This requires solving the following tasks:

• to describe the presence, composition, condition and wear of manpower;
• to determine indicators of reproduction process, costs and results of restoration in the health and fitness sphere;
• to characterize the human resources reproduction process in the regional social sphere and labor market;
• to calculate overall indices of volume, quality of human resource and efficiency of its circulation.

The figure shows a detailed diagram of the analytical indices of the human resources reproduction process. When identifying the object of the system of interest several subsystems of study should be identified, where there is a pervasive sphere of health and fitness services.

The home reproduction subsystem ​ local processes are being implemented such as the birth of children and child care, teaching and training them (including on physical culture), early socialization and professionalization. This subsystem includes two-parent, conjugal, single parent families and home boarding schools and home (self-organized on the basis of parental cooperation) children’s preschool institutions.

The subsystem of the regional labor market and social reproduction consists of two parts. The first part includes institutions that form the regional labor market: - placement service, migration service, social services support the unemployed, non-governmental organizations engaged in employment, training and retraining of the population. The second part of the regional subsystem of social reproduction are preschool, general and vocational education, physical cultural institutions (including physical) and children's hospitals.