Plyometric mechanisms for the recovery of elastic energy in jumping exercises of track and field

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PhD, Associate Professor V.V. Bakaev1
Dr. Hab., Professor O.E. Ponimasov2, 3
PhD, Professor N.V. Kolesnikov2
O.P. Vinogradova2
1Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg
2The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, North-Western Institute of Management, St. Petersburg
3Saint-Petersburg military Institute of National Guard Troops, St. Petersburg

Objective of the study was to selection of the optimal height of plyometric jumps, which has the greatest influence on the development of special strength of track and field athletes in the triple jump.
Methods and structure of the study. The parameters of plyometric jumps from a height of 30 and 50 cm were studied by 12 qualified female athletes of the candidate master of sports level in triple jump (age 18,5±1,2 years, height 169,3±4,6 cm and body weight 63,2±5,1 kg). The analysis included studying the maximum support reaction force when pushing off with the left and right legs; the total impulse of the support reaction force; the impulse of the force developed by the left and right legs.
Results and conclusions. Effective recuperation of elastic energy from the amortization phase to the repulsion phase is ensured by a rapid change from eccentric contraction to concentric contraction using the effect of stretching the muscle-tendon tissue. The transition to a higher jump power mode is due to the preliminary activation of agonist and antagonist muscles, providing increased rigidity of the ankle joint.

Keywords: triple jump, plyometric jumps, eccentric-concentric muscle modulation.

References

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