PhD, Associate Professor E.A. Milashechkina
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow

Keywords: hypotonic vegetative vascular dystonia, special medical group, central nervous system, sensorimotor reaction.

Introduction. The central nervous system (CNS) plays a leading role in the processes of adaptation of the body to changing conditions. Assessment of the functioning of the central nervous system has a prognostic value for maintaining the mental and physical performance of an individual, his adaptive capabilities. The time of sensorimotor reactions is considered as an indicator of the activity of the central nervous system [1].
The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the manifestation of sensorimotor reactions in female students with vegetative vascular pathology of the hypotonic type engaged in fitball gymnastics.
Methodology and organization of the study. The study involved female students of a special medical group with vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypotonic type based on a medical examination. Sensorimotor reactions were determined on the device "APK Sports psychophysiologist". Comparing the indicators of the time of the visual-motor simple and complex reaction in students with vegetative vascular pathology of the hypotonic type (326.7±8.61, 451.6±11.01 ms, respectively), significantly significant differences were revealed, compared with the control group students, in the direction of increase, in whom the simple visual-motor reaction was 275.8±9.01 ms, and complex – 394.5±7.62 ms (p<0.01). No significant changes were found in the error and reaction delay indicators (p>0.5). That is, in female students, the presence of this pathology causes delayed sensorimotor reactions, which may indicate the predominance of inhibition processes of the central nervous system.
After a course of corrective exercises, the time of simple and complex visual-motor reaction decreased to 292.6±8.92 and 414.2±8.06 ms, respectively, in female students with vegetative-vascular dystonia of the hypotonic type (p<0.01). There were no significant changes in the indicators of errors and reaction delay (p>0.5).
In female students with vegetative vascular dystonia of the hypotonic type, the auditory motor reaction time was significantly longer than in female students of the control group (p<0.01) and amounted to 558.40±11.42 ms. After conducting a course of corrective exercises, the auditory motor reaction time became shorter by 10% (p<0.05) in female students with vegetative vascular dystonia. And the students with vegetative-vascular dystonia remained within the same limits.
Conclusion. As a result of the use of corrective exercises of fitball gymnastics, a positive dynamics of shortening the time of sensorimotor reactions to light and sound was revealed, which can lead to a decrease in the processes of inhibition of the central nervous system.

Literature

1. Milashechkin V.S. Dynamics of the auditory motor reaction time of female students engaged in sports games. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2023. No. 1. p. 61.