Dr. Hab., Professor A.E. Bolotin¹
Dr. Hab., Associate Professor O.E. Ponimasov^{2, 3}
K.G. Prigoda¹
E.A. Vasilyeva^1
1Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg
²The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg
³The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg

Objective of the study was a methodological substantiation of the factors for the effectiveness of the start by breaststroke swimmers.
Methods and structure of the study. A survey of 79 highly qualified coaches and breaststroke swimmers was conducted in order to rank the factors influencing the efficiency of the start. The results of the best breaststroke swimmers of Russian and world swimming are analyzed. The identified factors form the basis for increasing the competitiveness of a competing breaststroke swimmer in improving the start technique.
Results and conclusions. Pre-competitive training in breaststroke swimming is characterized by the presence of objectively acting efficiency factors that determine the scientific prospects of the developed models of start technique. The practice of mastering an effective start in breaststroke swimming should be based on the integrative means of the athlete's physical, technical, tactical and psychological training.

Keywords: breaststroke; start technique; efficiency factors.

References

1. Bolotin A.E., Bakaev V.V., Van Zvieten K.Ya., Ponimasov O.E., Motovichev K.V. Differentsirovannaya podgotovka plovtsov-marafontsev k sorevnovaniyam na otkrytoy vode s uchetom tipov energeticheskogo metabolizma [Differentiated training of marathon swimmers for open water competitions, taking into account the types of energy metabolism]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2020. No. 10. pp. 37-39.
2. Bolotin A.E., Van Zvieten K.Ya., Ponimasov O.E., Timchenko N.M., Aganov S.S. Otsenka urovnya trenirovannosti sportsmenok v plavanii na osnove analiza pokazateley variabelnosti serdechnogo ritma [Evaluation of the fitness level of female athletes in swimming based on the analysis of heart rate variability]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2020. No. 7. pp. 10-12.
3. Bolotin A.E., Ponimasov O.E., Aganov S.S., Ryzhkin N.V. Selektivnost vosproizvedeniya obraznykh predstavleniy v trenirovochnom protsesse legkoatletov-studentov [Selectivity of reproduction of figurative representations in the training process of student athletes]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2022. No. 1. pp. 51-53.
4. Zyukin A.V., Ponimasov O.E., Bolotin A.E. et al. Kontrol perifericheskoy gemodinamiki plovtsov kategorii «Masters» [Control of peripheral hemodynamics in swimmers of the "Masters" category]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2020. No. 12. pp. 67-69.
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7. Ponimasov O.E., Pugachev I.Yu., Paramzin V.B., Raznovskaya S.V. Kinematicheskiy analiz tekhniki plavaniya na osnove sinkhronnoy videozapisi lineynogo dvizheniya [Kinematic analysis of swimming technique based on synchronous video recording of linear motion]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2023. No. 1. pp. 14-16.