PhD, Professor V. I. Kozlov¹
PhD, Associate Professor N.N. Bumarskova^2
1Voronezh State Technical University, Voronezh
²Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University), Moscow

Keywords: infant swimming, sports skills, physical condition, children under one year old, child development, motor ontogenesis, disease prevention.

Introduction. In Russia, young parents are increasingly trying to instill sports skills in their children from the first days of life, it is known that most of them (more than 80%) consider infant swimming to be the most useful, which should be distributed to the masses. It is important to remember that classes will be effective until tonic reflexes are replaced by statokinetic ones [3].
Infant swimming is an activity with a baby up to one year old, which is based on innate reflexes: breathing, swimming and pushing. It can also mean moving on water without the help of adults and water restraints. [1].
Most experts recommend swimming to all kids, since during classes in the water, the work of all vital systems is optimized [2, 4].
The aim of the study is to assess the impact of early swimming on the physical condition and health of children under one year old.
Methodology and organization of the study. Within the framework of the scientific work, domestic and foreign articles of various years were collected and analyzed, which, in turn, made it possible to compare methods and significant opinions. A comparative analysis of the development of motor ontogenesis skills was carried out, which included such indicators as: holding the head, turning on the side, lying on the forearms, lying with the support of the hands and other parameters that are usually fixed during the physical development of children under one year old, the duration and forms of diseases were also recorded. This study was conducted in the period from January 2022 to January 2023, two groups of 15 people aged from one month to one year were created. EG children attended classes from three to five times a week; the second group (control) did not attend swimming classes at all.
The results of the study and their discussion. According to the results of the study, it was found that in EG children, all indicators of physical development recorded during this study have a significant difference. It was noted that in children who attended classes in infant swimming (up to five times a week), if there were diseases, they proceeded quickly and in a mild form, unlike children who did not attend swimming classes.
The difference in mastering the skills of motor ontogenesis of infants is analyzed. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the children of the experimental group are ahead in their development of children of the same age of the control group, they get sick less often and carry diseases in a milder form.
It has been found that exercise in water also helps to reduce the risk of developing diseases.
Conclusions. Infant swimming is based on innate reflexes, contributes to the prevention of diseases. It has been established that children engaged in swimming from the first months show the best results in mental and physical development. In the future, it is important to improve the existing methods for conducting classes. It is necessary to consult a doctor before classes.

Literature

1. Poluyanova E.D. The influence of early swimming lessons on the development of motor ontogenesis skills in the horizontal position of children under the age of 1 year / E.D. Poluyanova, D.A. Lavrentieva // Scientific notes of the P.F. Lesgaft University. – 2021. – No. 11. – pp. 346-349.
2. Sapozhnikova O.V. Infant swimming: the role in the formation of a child's health / O.V. Sapozhnikova // Academy of Medicine and Sports. – 2021. – No. 2. – pp. 15-20.
3. Sigmundsson Н., Hopkins В. Baby swimming: exploring the effects of early intervention on subsequent motor abilities / Hermundur Sigmundsson, Brian Hopkins // Child Care Health and Development. 2009.  Vol. 36, No 3. Р. 428-430.
4. Yilmaz I., Yanarda M., Bumin G. Effects of swimming training on physical fitness and water orientation in autism / I. Yilmaz, M. Yanarda, G. Bumin // Pediatrics International. 2004. No. 46. Р. 624–626.