E.A. Morozov
Russian University of Sport (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Keywords: hockey, young qualified athletes, playing role, morphological status.

The aim of the study is to identify the leading morphological characteristics of qualified hockey players of various playing roles that determine the effectiveness of sports selection and species orientation in professional sports.
Methodology and organization of the study. The scientific experiment was conducted in 20-21-2022 on the basis of hockey clubs of the Russian Federation participating in the Championship of the Youth Hockey League (MHL). 128 young qualified hockey players aged 17-19 years took part in it. The analysis of morphological characteristics of young qualified players aged 17-19 years was carried out on the basis of a study of total body size (length and mass), as well as an assessment of the absolute and relative values of fat mass.
The results of the study and their discussion. The results of morphological measurements showed that the defenders have the largest total dimensions, whose body length averaged 190.1 cm with a mass of 93.2 kg. The lowest values of body length and weight were noted in the attackers (185.3 cm and 84.1 kg, respectively). The goalkeepers occupied an intermediate position, their body length was 186.1 cm, weight – 82.2 kg. The fat content of hockey players of various roles was similar: defenders had the greatest value (68.2 mm, 10.1%), forwards had the least (54.4 mm, 8.8%), goalkeepers - 62.4 mm, 9.6%, respectively.
Thus, attackers and defenders have the greatest reliability of differences (p<0.001) in all morphological indicators. The smallest number of differences was noted between forwards and goalkeepers, the players of these roles revealed significant differences only in body weight (p<0.05). Significant differences in body length (p<0.05) and body weight (p<0.001) were observed between defenders and goalkeepers. It should be noted that the morphological indicators of young qualified hockey players aged 17-19 years significantly exceed similar characteristics obtained in previous studies.
Conclusions. Given the large training loads, it is necessary to recognize that the total body size of hockey players can be determined by two main factors: a genetically determined predisposition and conditions stimulating their development, that is, sports. These factors determine the final specifics of individuals with a certain physical development, optimal for each sport, contributing to effective sports selection and species orientation in professional sports.

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