Assessment of body composition using the bioimpedance method of female athletes specializing in sprinting and long distance running

ˑ: 

Dr. Biol., Professor R.V. Tambovtseva1
Postgraduate student Yu.S. Evstifeev1
PhD, Associate Professor A.I. Laptev1
1Russian University Sport (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Objective of the study was to assess the component composition of the body using the bioimpedance method of female athletes specializing in running for short and long distances.
Methods and structure of the study. The laboratory experiment was attended by highly qualified female athletes, specializing in running for short and long distances (n=20). To determine the component composition of the body, the bioimpedance method was used using the TANITA BC 418 device.
Results and conclusions. It is shown that in terms of body composition, athletes who specialize in short distances have a large percentage (70%) of a mesomorphic physique. This type is characterized by the manifestation of speed-strength qualities with a predominance of creatine phosphate and anaerobic glycolytic mechanisms of energy supply. Long-distance runners are more related to the thoracic and asthenoid physique and mixed variants (A, T, AT, TM), which are characterized by high performance in general endurance exercises and average speed-strength qualities.

Keywords: female athletes, body composition, muscle mass, fat mass, bone mass, sprint and long distance running.

References

  1. Nikityuk, B.A. Integratsiya znaniy v nauke o cheloveke [Integration of knowledge in human science]. Moscow: Sportadempress publ., 2000. 440 p.
  2. Nikolaev V.G., Sindeeva L.V., Nekhaeva T.I., Yusupov R.D. et al. Sostav tela cheloveka: istoriya izucheniya i novyye tekhnologii opredeleniya [The composition of the human body: the history of study and new technologies for determining]. Sibirskoye meditsinskoye obozreniye. 2011. No. 4 (70). pp. 3-7.
  3. Nikolaev D.V., Smirnov A.V., Bobrinskaya I.G., Rudnev S.G. et al. Bioimpedansnyy analiz sostava tela cheloveka [Bioimpedance analysis of human body composition]. Moscow: Nauka publ., 2009. 392 p.
  4. Tambovtseva R.V., Zagorskaya A.V. Sposob opredeleniya dominiruyushchikh konstitutsionalnykh tipov u sportsmenok v khudozhestvennoy gimnastike i parno-gruppovoy akrobatike pri ispolzovanii paltsevoy dermatoglifiki [A method for determining the dominant constitutional types in athletes in rhythmic gymnastics and pair-group acrobatics using finger dermatoglyphics]. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2018. No. 3. pp. 52-53.
  5. Heath B.H., Carter D.L. Sovremennyye metody somatotipologii [Modern methods of somatotypology]. Voprosy antropologii. p.1: 1068. Issue 29. pp. 20-40; 1069. Issue 33; pp. 60-79.