6-10 year-old boys’ morphology, functionality and physical fitness variations with age and physical activity

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Dr. Biol. T.F. Abramova1
PhD T.M. Nikitina1
PhD F.A. Iordanskaya1
Researcher A.V. Polfuntikova1
D.N. Pukhov2
1Federal Scienсe Center of Physical Culture and Sports (VNIIFK), Moscow
2FSBI «Saint-Petersburg Scientific-Research Institute For Physical Culture», Saint-Petersburg

Objective of the study was to test and analyze the morphofunctional development and physical fitness variations in the 6-10 year-old boys with age and physical activity.
Methods and structure of the study. We used for the purposes of the study a standard physical fitness / morphofunctional development test toolkit applied in preschool establishments and general education schools plus the GTO Complex physical fitness test standards for the 6-10 year-olds [4, 6] including: anthropometric characteristics, caliperometry, physiometry, heart rate / tone tests and educational surveys [1, 4, 5]. The tests were designed to rate the following: body length and mass, body mass index (BMI/ Quetelet index); chest size and excursion; limb sizes; skin fat folds; vital capacity; blood pressure, heart rate; pulse pressure; and carpal strength. The physical fitness tests included 10x3m shuttle sprint, standing long jump and flexibility-rating bench lean tests. The test data were statistically processed by the Pearson group correlation analysis in Statistica 13.0 software toolkit; with the correlations rated on the Chaddock scale [3].
Results and conclusion. In our ranking of the age-specific physical fitness / physical development test rates we would give a special priority to the absolute physical fitness / physical development tests indicative of the growth process including the body length, body mass, absolute muscle mass, vital capacity, carpal strength, dexterity, abdominal muscle strength, arm and shoulder girdle strength test rates. The test rates little correlated with age in the considered age interval are dominated by the morphofunctional ones indicative of the physical stress tolerance (cardiovascular system, chest excursion, relative muscle mass and fat mass tests); plus some physical fitness aspects tests in the sensitive physical development periods (e.g. leg strength and coordination tests). It should be mentioned in this context that the 6-10 year-olds’ trainings should be prudently customized to the individual morphofunctional development test rates, in view of the fact that special role in this period is played by the vegetative organs/ systems regulating mechanisms.

Keywords: 6-10 year-olds, physical fitness, physical development (PD), morphofunctional development, martial artists, gymnasts, untrained males.

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