The structure and content of the general psychological training of elite Paralympic athletes
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PhD, Head of department A.A. Banayan1
PhD, Associate Professor S.A. Vorobev1
Researcher E.A. Kiseleva1
PhD A.S. Kryuchkov2
1Saint-Petersburg scientific-research institute for physical culture, Saint Petersburg
2Federal Science Center for Physical Culture and Sports, Moscow
Objective of the study was to analyze modern mental conditioning (service models for the Paralympic sports elite customizable for the individual diagnoses and progress stages.
Results and conclusion. Research results and conclusions. The methodological foundations, modern approaches and concepts for effective planning, organization and implementation of general psychological training in elite Paralympic sports have been determined. The necessity of paying respect to the international Paralympic sports classification was revealed, in accordance with which athletes belong to different sports classes (functional), which determine the specificity of the organization and conduct the psychological training of high-class Paralympic athletes. The features of the structure and content of the general psychological training of Paralympians at the stages of sports specialization and elite have been revealed.We run a new mental conditioning model testing experiment on the Paralympic sports elite samples in archery and track and field athletics for two annual training cycles, with the mental conditioning service customized for the precompetitive and transitional training system periods. The mental conditioning progress tests included the galvanic skin response tests of the wheelchaired athletes with spinal cord injuries and multiple functional disorders of the trunk and limbs. The galvanic skin response tests found lower background galvanic skin response levels (p≤0.05, p≤0.01) and shorter relaxation-activation ranges (p≤0.05). It also found that in the transitional training system periods the background galvanic skin response levels were expressly different for the athletes with dysmelia and amputations after injuries versus athletes with the cerebral palsy related health disorders. These test data demonstrate the need for the Paralympic sports elite training service is to be prudently individualized with a special emphasis on the customizable mental conditioning tools to develop good mental controls with the timely progress tests by experts.
Key words: sports psychology, periodization of sports training, paralympians, elite athlets.
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