Postgraduate, master's student A.Yu. Gorbacheva¹
Dr.Hab., PhD A.A. Peredelsky^1
1Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Keywords: systemic reform, taekwondo, classical and modular training systems in Russian regions.

Background. Despite the fact that the L.P. Matveyev’s sport training process phasing model has long been formally acknowledged as a basic and classical, the regional taekwondo federations still fail to effectively apply it in practice – and that is one of the reasons for the regional sport teams still facing serious challenges in the training process, pre-season and regular season design and management issues.

Objective of the study was to develp and offer a detailed regional training process algorithm compliant with the valid sport training process phasing theory.

Study findings and discussion. The sport training process phasing model in its annual macro-cycle version is known to give the means to model one to three training peaks: see Table 1 hereunder.

Table 1. L.P. Matveyev’s classical sport training process phasing model versions for annual training macro-cycle

Note: Micro-cycle herein is assumed to equal one week for simplicity

It should be mentioned that the L.P. Matveyev’s classical training process phasing model makes no provisions for more than three training peaks in an annual cycle.

V.B. Issurin et al. offered a modular sport training process phasing model that is designed on a process meso-cycling basis. It may be outlined in terms of the classical model as given on Figure 1 hereunder.

Figure 1. Frame diagram of the modular sport training process phasing model designed on a 1.5-meso-cycling basis in line with the L.P. Matveyev’s theory

The total number of three-modular combinations cannot exceed eight it terms of this model; i.e. the theoretical and practical provisions of the model give the means to design and manage a training process for at most eight major competitions. Despite the model by V.B. Issurin and others being largely based on the classical one, it still applies a different terminology and offers varied training process modules with 1.5-month, 1-month and even 3-week intervals. We believe this fragmentation to be (1) detrimental to the model consistency in contrast to the L.P. Matveyev’s model; and (2) only a bit less chaotic than the current situation with the regional taekwondo training process planning.

Having outlined the training model format, let us now discuss the training algorithm content in terms of the process scope, intensity, regimen and load distribution/ management patterns. The efforts to reform the regional taekwondo training process on a systemic basis using the proposed algorithmic model implies the physical trainings in taekwondo groups as well as the techniques and tactics of competitive taekwondo bouts being optimized.

The physical training process optimizing implies that a special priority in the training process shall be given to the specific sport requirements to exclude the elements/ practices that are not directly connected with the sport-specific techniques and tactics.

The technical toolkit optimizing component implies the tools being harmonized and consistent and possibly limited to 10-12 basic techniques in their connections, with due regard to the key modern trends in the technical and tactical ideas, modules and patterns applicable in major competitions.

And the tactical toolkit optimizing component implies that the tactics shall be further universalized and simplified at the same time, with the basic tactical versions being possibly limited to four combinations to factor in only the technical skills and combative spirit of the opponent as the key factors. The model, of course, shall not impose any limitations on the individual styles, manners and best techniques of the gifted taekwondokas.

One more important component of the training model optimizing process is the mental conditioning and follow-up of the trainee to consolidate and master his technical and tactical skills and combative spirit and step up his stress tolerance level.

Conclusion. The detailed regional training process algorithm driven by the valid sport training process phasing theory makes it possible to effectively optimize the physical training process and technical and tactical toolkits for success in modern taekwondo.

References

1. Issurin V.B. Blokovaya periodizatsiya sportivnoy trenirovki [Block periodization of sports training]. Moscow: Sovetskiy sport, 2010, 288 p.
2. Matveyev L.P. Osnovy sportivnoy trenirovki [Fundamentals of sport training]. Moscow: Fizkultura i sport publ., 1977, 280 p.
3. Peredelsky A.A., Gorbacheva A.Y. Periodizatsiya sportivnoy podgotovki regionalnykh sbornykh komand tkhekvondo v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Periodization of sports training for regional national taekwondo teams in modern conditions]. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury, 2018, no. 1, P. 55
4. Peredelskiy A.A., Damdintsurunov V.A. Sportivnye i sportivno-boevye edinoborstva [Sports and sports martial arts]. Teoriya i praktika prikladnykh i ekstremalnykh vidov sporta, 2010,  no. 1 (16), pp. 45–49.

Corresponding author: alisa.gorba4eva@yandex.ru

Abstract

The article considers benefits of the L.P. Matveyev’s research heritage being applied in modern sports in a variety of components, including the athletic training process phasing model with its annual macro-cycles in the context of the growing professionalization and commercialization of the modern sports. Tense sport calendars and still non-systemic regional services to athletes largely hamper the modern taekwondo progress in Russia. The study offers a detailed training process design algorithm to combine the base competitive taekwondo theory and regional practices based on the L.P. Matveyev and V.B. Issurin’s training process phasing models. Essentially the proposed training process control algorithms address the key aspects of the sport-specific loads, training process scopes and intensities with the training process design and management basics. Systemic reforms in the regional taekwondo training systems based on the proposed model algorithm will help optimize the physical training practices, techniques and tactics for success in modern competitive taekwondo.