M.A. Vozisova
Associate professor, Ph.D. D.A. Mel'nikov
Tchaikovsky State Institute of Physical Culture, Tchaikovsky

Keywords: sports and recreation tourism, vocational training of students, sports orienteering, specialized research areas, physical fitness, physical culture and sports activities.

Introduction. Education is the most extensive sphere of human activity in modern society. The tendency of the current development of tourism is undergoing big changes; tourist activity in the field of tourist competitions and sports hikes is being expanded, the rules and requirements of particular sports are being changed, therefore the education system has come up with a problem of training bachelors in the direction of sports and recreation tourism. Today standard places of work provided for future graduates are not enough, however private companies are being established, new services are being offered, so a graduate has to be mobile and flexible.

As seen from theory and practice, readiness of students in the field of sports and recreation tourism consists in the fact that a student has to have not only psychological, physical, scientific-theoretical, but also practical components of future professional activity. Therefore, we consider that at each stage of readiness for future labour activity in sports and recreation tourism, certain problem professional situations have to be included. Thus we consider that gaining professional readiness, the students have to solve and implement specific professional problems of sports and recreation tourism, the content of training of students in sports and recreation tourism has to be focused on professional and problem situations.

The specialized research areas are development and justification of techniques of carrying out of municipal sports orienteering events for all age groups and different physical fitness levels; development of professional skills of students in sports hikes; development and realization of modern techniques of organization and carrying out of sports tourism competitions.

The purpose of the present research was to scientifically prove conditions of professional development and improvement of the quality of training of Bachelors specializing in "sports and recreation tourism" within the framework of the requirements of the federal state educational standard of higher professional education.

Materials and methods. In the last years we have resumed staging of municipal orienteering sports events, but readiness for participation in such events, including competitions, differs. The level of knowledge in the field of sports orienteering was assessed by means of questioning and tests by the T.V. Morgunova’s [2003] technique, conventional signs of sports card, types and forms of sports orienteering were detected, compass usage, action sequence in case of loss of orienteering in the woods, which were estimated according to the five-grade scale.

Results and discussion. At the beginning of the year the knowledge indices of students were 3 and 3,1 points in the CG and in the EG accordingly. The results grew significantly by the end of the experiment and amounted to 3,8 and 4,9 in the CG and EG respectively. The increment in the CG was + 0,8 points, in the EG - +1,8 points. The intergroup variation was reliable at P>0,05.

The positive dynamics in the knowledge in the EG testifies the attitude of their subjects to physical culture and sports activities, motivational and value orientations, sociocultural values.

Improvement of knowledge is due to the involvement of the students in refereeing of orienteering and tourism competitions, the introduction of academic classes, test exercises with regard to topography, the sports card and a compass in the subjects of their specialization. Thus, it promoted an increase of interest in the subject "Nonconventional types of orienteering", and in the development of professional competences when studying the course.

The knowledge level of the students was estimated by the teachers of the Institute according to the indicators: conventional signs and symbols in sports cards, procedures of competitions in different types of indoors orienteering, on sports grounds, in yards. At the end of the year the students’ general assessment in both of the groups improved by 3,8 points in the CG and 4,7 points in the EG. The results of most of the subjects of the EG were close to ideal. The intergroup indicators were 0,9 points at P>0,05.

The mean group quantitative indicators of skills on the "The designated route" in the experimental group of students at the beginning of the experiment were 3,5 and 3,4 points in the СG and in the EG respectively. By the end of the year the results had increased up to 3,9 points (CG) and 4,8 points (EG) which testifies the reliability of the divergence of intergroup results.

The improvement of the students’ results reliability affected that the participants of the experiment were engaged according to the developed program "Nonconventional Types of Orienteering" where most of the time was given to practical training afield [2].

Annually multi-day pedestrian and water tourist hikes are organized and carried out with students, much attention is paid to sports tourism competitions. Conditions, for acquiring of professional skills and practicing of students’ practical skills are created when carrying out practical sessions in establishments of additional education for children, at schools and colleges. These events promote the training quality improvement and solve thereby the task of the competency-building approach, an ability to use the gained knowledge, and serving their basis to solve problems of various complexity levels.

Events being carried out influence students’ physical fitness, the results are presented in Table 1.

The intergroup variation between the students of the CG and the EG were recorded, being statistically reliable (P>0,05) in the following exercises: "Shuttle run 4х9 m" – by 9,2%; "6-minute run" – by 9,5%; "Hanging arm-pumping" – by 7,2%. The improvement of the endurance indicators in the experimental group is higher than in the control one. As a rule, such indicators increase with age and skill growth. So, the cross run result within the examined period of time improved and amounted to 1409,3 m, versus 1586,1 m.

Table 1. Dynamics of physical fitness indices of sports university students from CG and EG before and after the experiment

Notes: M – arithmetic average, σ – standard deviation, * - reliability of variance (by Student’s test).

The general tendency of improvement of the power indicator ("Hanging arm-pumping") was detected at the end of the year (р<0,05), thus the results in the experimental group are stably higher – 9,9 versus 13,8 times. This advantage is caused by the specifics of the content of the educational program and competitive forms. We believe that it is due to the age-related indicators of physical fitness and is caused by natural processes of growth and development of the subjects [1], the level of their motor activity, purposeful use of the techniques and means of physical education. In our opinion, the greatest gain in the indicators was detected in the experimental groups, because of high-quality teachers’ work, the positive motivation of the subjects of the experiment to mass orienteering competitions.

The students specializing in "sports and recreation tourism" had improved their communication and organizational skills by 34% for the study period from 2010 to 2014, 68% of them had increased their category, and all of them had increased their level of proficiency. The students gained refereeing experience in groups of different age and physical fitness levels.

Conclusion. Creating conditions for professional development of the bachelors of "sports and recreation tourism", it is possible to guarantee the successful implementation of the requirements of the federal state educational standard of higher professional education, which are aimed mainly at training a competent specialist ready to work under the conditions of increasing competition in the labor market.

References

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