The influence of physical culture on the functional development of schoolchildren

ˑ: 

PhD, Associate Professor A.B. Sablin1,2
PhD, Professor S.V. Chernishev1
E.A. Ulyanova2
A.Yu. Romashov3 
1Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow
2Moscow City University, Moscow
3Vyatka State University, Kirov

Objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness of physical education classes at school, held two and three times a week with children aged 14-15.
Methods and structure of the study. The experiment was conducted over 5 months involving 140 schoolchildren aged 14-15. All children were engaged in the standard physical education program at school, however, schoolchildren from the control group were engaged in physical education 2 times a week, and children from the experimental group 3 times a week. The children's functional indicators (blood pressure, pulse and vital capacity of the lungs) were assessed. To compare the obtained results and determine the reliability of the differences, Student's t-test (p<0,05) was used using the Bio Stat program.
Results and conclusions. After the end of the pedagogical experiment, the systolic pressure of schoolchildren from the experimental group changed from 121,1±3,4 to 117,3±2,8 (p<0,05), and diastolic pressure from 77,2±1,8 to 73,2±1,7 (p<0,05). Average pulse rates decreased by 10% (p<0,05), and lung capacity increased by 14,8% (p<0,05). In the control group, changes also occurred, but less significant. Systolic pressure changed from 123,1±2,6 to 122,2±2,3 (p>0,05), and diastolic pressure from 75,5±1,5 to 75,1±1,9 (p>0,05). At the same time, the pulse rate decreased by 1,3% (p>0,05), and lung capacity increased by 7,4% (p<0,05).
The results of the study showed that three physical education lessons would be more effective for developing the functional abilities of 14-15 year old children. The results of the experimental study allow us to argue for the need to introduce a third physical education lesson at school to maintain and improve the functional indicators of schoolchildren.

Keywords: physical education, lesson, functional state, physical training, schoolchildren.

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