Dr. Med., Professor A.M. Durov^{1, 2}
PhD, Associate Professor E.N. Avgusta^2
1University of Tyumen, Tyumen
²Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen

Keywords: types of working capacity, educational process, students.

Introduction. The health and well-being of the body is largely determined by the consistency of its rhythmic processes [1]. The study of biological rhythms is the main scientific direction of the Department of Biology of the Tyumen State Medical University, which has been actively developed since 1963 under the guidance of Professor G.D. Gubin.
It is well known that some people have maximum performance in the morning ("morning" types or "larks"), others – in the evening ("evening" types – "owls"). "Larks" are characterized by the greatest efficiency, well–being and significant emotional tone in the first half of the day, and "owls" - in the evening [2].
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the types of performance of 1st year students and adjust the curriculum based on these data.
Methodology and organization of the study. 276 students enrolled in the 1st year of the medical faculty of TSMU in 2023 (age 18-19 years) had chronobiological types of working capacity determined according to the Ostberg questionnaire. The gender distribution was as follows: 120 boys and 156 girls.
The results of the study and their discussion. The results of the survey revealed that among the 1st year students, the most people with a mild evening type of "owl" are 45% (124 people). The indifferent type of "pigeons" was 40% (111). 7% (19 people) belong to the pronounced evening type of "owl". The mild morning type of "larks" was 6% (17). The smallest number of students were registered with a pronounced morning type of "larks" (2%, 5 people). Of the students who belong to the chronobiological type, pronounced "owls", a separate group of 19 people was formed. These students start studying at 10 a.m., while the rest of the students start at 8 a.m. In the future, it is planned to create several groups of "owls" (weakly expressed evening type), whose training sessions will also begin no earlier than 9 o'clock.
At the Institute of Physical Culture of TSU, there was also an attempt to form a separate group of students who would start studying later, but this, unfortunately, did not work out due to the small number of students on the course.
Among adolescents aged 12 to 18, the "owl" chronotype turned out to be a driving risk factor for depressive symptoms and insomnia, but not anxiety. In addition to mood disorders, "owls" are prone to the use of psychoactive substances, are more likely to be in a state of anxiety and anxiety than "larks". In addition, studies have shown that this chronotype is prone to repeating a past diagnosis related to a mental state [2].
Conclusion. In the educational process, when organizing it, it is necessary to take into account the chronobiological types of student performance, which can probably significantly improve the assimilation of educational material by students.
It is desirable to take into account the individual type of performance when choosing the time of the start of training sessions for athletes.

Literature

1. Durov A.M. The advantage of the chronobiological approach in assessing the level of functional, adaptive capabilities and biological age of a person. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury. 2016. No. 12. pp. 93-95.
2. Hildebrandt G. Chronobiology and chronomedicine / G. Hildebrandt, M. Moser, M. Lehofer. M.: Arnebia, 2006. 144 p.