PhD, Associate Professor T.I. Polunina
State University of Humanities and Social Studies, Moscow Region

Abstract
Objective of the study was to assess the effects of muscular loads on the physical development of preschoolers of 6-7 years of age.
Methods and structure of the study. The educational experiment was conducted at the premises of the preschool educational institution "Vesnushki", Kolomny, from January 2020 through December 2020. Sampled for the experiment were the 6-7 year-old children of the main health group. The preschoolers were subjected to the physical fitness control tests at the beginning and at the end of the calendar year. The motor skills tests aimed to assess the level of development of the preschoolers’ motor abilities. The educational experiment implied the use of two different sets of exercises: the first one – to form the required motor skills, the second one – to train and excel the motor skills acquired.
Results and conclusions. The data obtained showed that the training sessions of the anaerobic nature that are mainly based on the aerobic loads contribute to the improvement of motor fitness of 6-7 year-old children. We identified the corresponding specific effects of adaptation to training loads. The characteristic feature was that the greatest increase in the level of development of the subjects’ motor skills was caused by the aerobic loads. In regard to the non-specific effects, the training loads of different orientations were found to cause a significant increase in all the motor fitness rates.

Keywords: preschoolers, skills, motor skills, set of exercises.

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