Kinematic characteristics of sports swimming methods

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Dr. Hab., Professor N.Zh. Bulgakova1
Dr. Hab., Professor O.I. Popov1
Postgraduate student A.A. Mitrofanov1
1Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow

Objective of the study was to determination of the relationship between key kinematic characteristics and instantaneous swimming speed.
Methods and structure of the study. Using the technique of hydroacoustic speedography, it was possible to shoot 90 swims in the 50-meter swimming pool of the "Moscow Olympic Water Sports Center" of the Department of Sports of the City of Moscow from February to May 2021. In total, the study involved 43 swimmers with qualifications from category I to International Master of Sports of Russia. Participants of the experiment carried out swimming of a 20-meter segment at the highest possible competitive speed. As a result, about 200 cycles of rowing movements were processed, including all methods of sports swimming.
Results and conclusions. It has been established that the estimated 15 kinematic characteristics of swimming technique separately do not determine the level of sports and technical skills. The crawl on the back showed the least variation in technique, finding the largest number of statistically significant correlations. In breaststroke, the skill level depends on the indicators of the minimum speed, unlike all other swimming methods. All styles do not have a single model structure of intracycle velocity oscillations.

Keywords: intracycle speed, kinematics, butterfly, back crawl, breaststroke, front crawl.

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