Dr. Hab., Professor V.Y. Karpov¹
PhD, Associate Professor M.V. Eremin¹
PhD, Associate Professor O.A. Razzhivin²
PhD, Associate Professor A.V. Dorontsev^3
1Russian State Social University, Moscow
²Yelabuga Institute of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Yelabuga
³Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan

Corresponding author: vu2014@mail.ru

Abstract

Objective of the study was to find the most effective physical training tools for success in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests.

Methods and structure of the study. We sampled the 1-4-year Russian State Social University students (n=126) for the study in April-May 2019. We tested the sample physical fitness to analyze correlations of the physical fitness test rates with successes in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests. The physical fitness test set included the 30m sprint, standing long jump, 3x10 shuttle sprint, pull-ups, deadlift dynamometry, front lean, 1000m race and endurance tests; and the track-and-field sports test set included the 100m sprint, long jump, grenade throwing, 3000m race, and 5km cross-country race tests.

Results and conclusion. The 1-2-year student group success in the 100m sprint GTO test was found correlated with the 30m sprint (r = 0.720), standing long jump (r = -0.658), 3x10 shuttle sprint (r = 0.626), pull-ups (r = -0.615) and deadlift dynamometry (r = -0.595) test rates. In the 3-4-year group these correlations were higher for the 30m sprint (r = 0.792) and lower for the 3x10m shuttle sprint (r = 0.595), standing long jump (r = 0.542) and deadlift dynamometry (r = -0.515) tests, whilst the pull-ups test correlation stayed virtually unchanged (r=-0,520). This means that the 1-4-year physical fitness service should prioritize the speed and speed-strength intensive sprints in the trainings for success in the 100m sprint test.

Progresses and successes of university students in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests are recommended being facilitated by prudently designed and managed versatile and customizable physical fitness service within the academic physical education and sports curriculum.

Keywords: GTO Complex, physical qualities, optimization, tests, university students, test data correlations.

Background. The ongoing national Physical Education and Sports “Fit for Labor and Defense” (GTO) Complex reinstatement project gives a special priority to the university and school physical education and sports service modernization initiatives [4, 6] to facilitate progress in the strength, speed and movement coordination aspects for success in the age-specific GTO Complex tests [1-3, 5]. The popular school/ university physical education and sports models, however, are often regretfully distorted in favor of some specific physical qualities/ skills at detriment to the harmonic and synergized physical progress. The available study reports on the academic physical education and sport service harmonization issues are still deficient in quite a few aspects including the modern training toolkits to secure due fitness for the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests.

Objective of the study was to find the most effective physical training tools for success in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests.

Methods and structure of the study. We sampled the 1-4-year Russian State Social University students (n=126) for the study in April-May 2019. We tested the sample physical fitness to analyze correlations of the physical fitness test rates with success in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests. The physical fitness test set included the 30m sprint, standing long jump, 3x10 shuttle sprint, pull-ups, deadlift dynamometry, front lean, 1000m race and endurance tests; and the track-and-field sports test set included 100m sprint, long jump, grenade throwing, 3000m race, and 5km cross-country race tests.

Results and discussion. Good physical fitness is known to lay a sound basis for success in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests. The 1-2-year student group success in the 100m sprint GTO test was found correlated with the 30m sprint (r = 0.720), standing long jump (r = -0.658), 3x10 shuttle sprint (r = 0.626), pull-ups (r = -0.615) and deadlift dynamometry (r = -0.595) test rates. In the 3-4-year group these correlations were higher for the 30m sprint (r = 0.792) and lower for the 3x10m shuttle sprint (r = 0.595), standing long jump (r = 0.542) and deadlift dynamometry (r = -0.515) tests, whilst the pull-ups test correlation stayed virtually unchanged (r=-0,520). This means that the 1-4-year physical fitness service should prioritize the speed and speed-strength intensive sprints in the trainings for success in the 100m sprint test.

The 1-2-year student group success in the long jump GTO test was found correlated with the standing long jump (r = 0.782), with all the other test data correlations tested lower albeit still significant, particularly for the 30m sprint (r = -0.699), 3x10m shuttle sprint (r = -0.660), deadlift dynamometry (r = 0.634) and stuffed ball throw ( r = 0.596) tests. In the 3-4-year group, the correlations were the highest for the standing long jump (r = 0.862), front lean (r = 0.644) and deadlift dynamometry (r = 0.626) tests; with all the other tests showing lower correlations with success in the long jump GTO test.

The 1-2-year student group success in the grenade throwing GTO test was found correlated with the stuffed ball throwing (r = 0.765), standing long jump (r = 0.740) and pull-ups (r = 0.645) tests. In the 3-4-year group, correlations were significant only for the stuffed ball throwing (r = 0.635) and pull-ups (r = 0.625) tests. We would recommend giving a special attention to the throw technique mastering aspects for success in the test.

The 1-2-year student group success in the 3000m race test was found correlated with the

1000m race (r = 0.883) and endurance rates (r = -0.776) tests, with all the other test correlations found lower with the only exemption for the 30m sprint (r = 0.542) test correlation that was still significant. In the 3-4-year group, correlations of the 3000m race test success were significant mostly for the endurance rates (r = -0.765) and 1000m race (r = 0.733) tests.

The 1- 2-year student group success in the 5km cross-country race test was found correlated with the endurance rates (r = -0.787), 1000m race (r = 0.653) and deadlift dynamometry (r = -0.547) tests; whilst the 3-4-year group showed significant correlations with the endurance rates (r = -0.827) and 1000m race (r = 0.767) tests.

On the whole, the 1-2-year student group success in the GTO Complex track-and-field tests were found significantly correlated with 19 standard physical fitness test rates; whilst the 3-4-year student group showed 14 significant track-and-field / physical fitness test correlations – apparently due to some differences in the age-specific academic physical fitness service. We would recommend the 1-4 year student physical fitness service being complemented by special training tools to facilitate progress and success in the most individually challenging GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests.

Conclusion. Progresses and successes of university students in the GTO Complex track-and-field sports tests are recommended being facilitated by prudently designed and managed versatile and customizable physical fitness service within the academic physical education and sports curriculum.

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