Postgraduate R.E. Sirazetdinov¹
Dr. Biol., Professor E.Z. Godina^{2, 3}
PhD I.A. Khomyakova³
Dr. Biol., Professor M.A. Negasheva^1
1Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
²Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow
³Scientific Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology n.a. D.N. Anuchin, Moscow

Objective of the study was to analyze the constitutional peculiarities and make a rapid assessment of the Russian and Altai combat athletes’ somatotypes using computer technologies.
Methods and structure of the study. Sampled for the study were 4 groups of 18-31 year-old males (n=348): groups of the Russian and Altai highly-skilled combat athletes (different types of wrestling), and "control groups" of the Russian and Altai males not engaged in professional sports. We analyzed the subjects’ morphological traits (more than 20 body sizes and indices characterizing the proportions of the body). Their somatotypes were evaluated by the Heath-Carter’s (American anthropologists) somatotype evaluation method (with the assessment of endo-, meso- and ectomorphy) and V.E. Deryabin’s (Russian anthropologist) typology (based on a factor analysis of the body sizes with the calculation of the indicators of micro/ macrosomia, broad shoulders, muscular development, and total fat deposition).
Results and conclusions. The body proportions in the combat athletes typical of both ethnic groups were as follows: strong chest, broad shoulders, relatively short legs and long arms, minimal fat deposition in the body and limbs. When comparing the distribution of somatotypes as per the Heath-Carter’s body type chart, the examined athletes were found to have a clearly mesomorphic build, while in the control group it was the mesomorphic-endomorphic somatotypes that dominated. The distribution of body types as per the Deryabin’s chart showed that, along with the well-developed muscles, the combat athletes had broad shoulders, while the control group subjects - the opposite combination of traits and relatively high fat deposition rates.
The Heath-Carter’s and Deryabin’s body type charts can be recommended as additional criteria for assessing the athletes' physical condition, choosing the fighting styles, and selecting young candidates for sports.

Keywords: combat sports, anthropometry, somatotype, body patterns, morphological traits.

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