Dr. Hab., Associate Professor A.L. Oganjanov¹
Dr. Hab., Professor V.G. Nikitushkin¹
Dr. Hab., Professor A.P. Strizhak¹
PhD, Associate Professor N.G. Mikhailov^1
1Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow

Objective of the study was to determine the dynamics of changes in the rhythm and spatial ratio of the support and flight phases of triple jump in male jumpers with the improvement of the competitive result.
Methods and structure of the study. The methods applied during the study were as follows: a photodiode chronometry ("Brower" portable electronic timing system, a video shot with video analysis ("Dartfish" software) and a timing system placed on the sector for triple jumps. The study involved 52 jumpers of various sports qualifications (Class I, WCMS). A total of 160 triple jump attempts were analyzed during the Russian and international competition.
Results and conclusions. With the improvement of the competitive results, the percentage share of the "jump" approximated that of the "leap" with a tendency of the latter phase to increase by decreasing of the share of the first one. In terms of the rhythm structure, with the improvement of the competitive results, the percentage share of the "step" approximated that of the "leap", which indicates the alignment of the height of trajectories of these triple jump phases. With the increase in jumping skills and improvement of the competitive results by 15.1%, the triple jump time changes slightly (increases by 3.4%), thus indicating a predominant significance of the approach velocity and horizontal speed in the support and flight phases of triple jump, that is, the athlete’s ability to maintain horizontal speed up to the final triple jump phase.
The methodical conclusion is that at the stage of initial specialization, young male jumpers should develop a correct temporal rhythm (30%+30%+40%) and an optimal spatial ratio (35%+30%+35%) of the three support and flight phases of triple jump typical for the "high speed" style with virtually the same time indices of the "leap" and "step" phases.

Keywords: track and field high jumps, temporal rhythm, spatial ratio of triple jump phases.

References

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