PhD, Associate Professor E.A. Pozdeeva
Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow

Keywords: expressiveness of movements, composition, exercises with the ball, body movements, working with the object.

Introduction. the problem of increasing artistry in rhythmic gymnastics has been studied by a number of researchers [1]. however, artistry, in particular the motor expressiveness of gymnasts, is considered as a qualitative characteristic of performing skills. From the point of view of a detailed, quantitative approach, the component of "expressiveness" in rhythmic gymnastics was not considered.
The aim of the study was to determine the criteria for expressive movements of highly qualified gymnasts in the ball exercise.
Methodology and organization of the study. To study the content of competitive compositions, video recordings of 36 performances of highly qualified gymnasts in the ball exercise at the World Cup – Sofia (2018) and the European Championship – Baku (2019) were analyzed. Each combination was viewed by 24 indicators. These movements, actions, and elements were grouped together: elements of body difficulty (jumps, turns, and balances), space (use of the platform, levels of space), specific content (subject difficulties), and design tools (waves, accent points, circular movements, dance tracks, and steps). to determine the criteria for the expressiveness of movements in the programs, a survey of coaches of the highest category (n=12) was conducted in omsk and moscow. tyumen. According to the results of the survey, 7 criteria were selected from all indicators: movements with body parts-waves with hands; waves with the body; accent points with the head, hand, brush, foot; brush movement. Some respondents suggested that some manipulations with the ball may relate to expressive means, in particular the original movements of the object.
The results of the study and their discussion. The results of a one-factor analysis of variance showed a significant influence on the assessment of "Artistry" of the following factors: body wave (39 %), hand wave (39%), ball roll (38%) and ball grab (28%). It is these movements and elements that most emphasize the slow musical composition and attract viewers and judges. The influence of the indicators of the content of the exercise for rapid musical accompaniment on the assessment is as follows: accent points with hands (39 %), chops (38 %), accent points with feet (38 %), grips (33 %), brush movements (29 %).
Conclusions. criteria for motor expressiveness in competitive exercises are small movements, details of the design of elements and manipulation of the subject, depending on the nature and tempo of the musical accompaniment. In a slow composition, the most significant are the rolling of the ball, the wave with the body, the wave with the hands. In a fast composition, these are chops and grabs of the ball, brush movements, accent points with hands and feet. The data movement involved in the creation of an artistic image are the specific exercises with the ball.

References

1. Karpenko L. A. On expressiveness, artistry, emotionality in gymnastics [ Text] / L. A. Karpenko, O. G. Rumba // Bulletin of Sports Science. - 2013. - No. 3. - pp. 14-16.