Postgraduate student I.A. Grakhov¹
PhD, Professor F.K. Zekrin¹
PhD, Associate Professor V.V. Zebzeev¹
PhD, Associate Professor A.F. Zekrin^1
1Tchaikovsky State Institute of Physical Culture, Tchaikovsky

Keywords: model, motor coordination abilities, stabilometry, kickboxing, motor skills.

Background. Modern sports set special growing requirements and standards for the trainings systems to encourage the experts and trainers to find, develop and implement new efficient training methods, models and tools. Kickboxing sport is no exclusion as one of the most dynamically growing martial arts discipline. Competitive progress in modern kickboxing implies persistent punching and kicking techniques and tactics excellence trainings with progress in attacks, defenses and situation-specific fight control skills [1]. The kickboxing elite give a special priority in the excellence trainings to the movement coordination qualities [7]. A comprehensive analysis of the issue, however, has showed that the modern kickboxing theory and practice is still in need of theoretically grounded motor coordination skills training models applicable at the excellence training stage. We believe that equilibrium excellence (stabilometer) practices and tests could be beneficial for such models in view of the fact that stable neural operation patterns are largely formed in the teenage period and, hence, the athletes are particularly sensitive to complex motor skills excellence training tools [2-4].

Objective of the study was to develop and test benefits of a new motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers.

Methods and structure of the study. We analyzed for the purposes of the study the relevant theoretical and practical literature and completed a theoretical modeling. The new model testing experiment was run at the A.A. Danilov FSBEI HE “Tchaikovsky State Institute of Physical Culture” Sports Center and Fortune Health Sports Center in Tchaikovsky city in September 2018 to May 2019. We sampled for the tests the 16-18 years old kickboxers (n=30) qualified Class I, CMS and MS.

Results and discussion. We summarized the findings of the relevant study reports and practical coaching experience of the Fortune Health Sports Center to develop the new motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers that implied the following sequence of actions (see Figure hereunder): (1) Set the general goals for the motor coordination skills training service; (2) Draft a frame training plan with the training workload management schedules; (3) Work out specific training goals for the motor coordination skills training service; (4) Implement the training plan in the model testing experiment; and (5) Run progress tests to timely correct the training plan when necessary.

Figure 1. New motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers

Stabilan Simulator assisted motor coordination training practices were applied as a key component of the experimental motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers [5, 7]. As recommended by J.K. Kholodova and V.S. Kuznetsova [6], all practices were grouped into the following three modules: Module 1 to excel equilibrium; Model 2 to excel the movement spacing and timing skills; and Module 3 to mitigate the tonic/ coordination constraints.

The equilibrium training Module 1 includes Rectis, Tetris and Arcanoid practices to help the trainees develop the sagittal and frontal movement controls in the maximal-amplitude pressure center control practices. The spacing and timing skills excelling Module 2 includes the Seasons, Alpine Skiing and Flying Cubes practices to facilitate progress in the spatial controls, metrics and topology for the situation-specific responses. And the tonal/ coordination constraints mitigation Module 3 includes the Strength Rating and Labyrinth practices to develop the movement strength controls.

In the motor coordination excellence model piloting experiment, the EG and RG were trained 90 min per day six times a week. The only difference of the EG trainings from the RG is that the EG training system included the Stabilan Stimulator assisted morning 60min trainings three times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Saturday) prior to the main training sessions, with the trainings taking six months.

The study data and analyses found significant progress in the EG versus RG motor coordination skills with the associating progress in the kickboxing-specific techniques and movement controls, as verified by the group progress tests plus the actual competitive progress in the EG for the experimental period.

Conclusion. The new motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers with the Stabilan Simulator assisted practices was tested beneficial in its (1) equilibrium 2) spacing and timing skills and (3) tonal/ coordination constraints correction modules. Based on findings of the model piloting experiment, it may be recommended for application in the coordination excellence training systems in modern martial arts.

References

1. Bakulev S.E., Nazarenko M.V. Theory and methodology of kickboxing training. Study guide. St. Petersburg: Lesgaft St. Petersburg SUPC publ., 2005. 141 p.
2. Bezrukikh M.M., Sonkin V.D., Farber D.A. Developmental physiology (child development physiology). Moscow: Akademiya publ., 2008, 416 p.
3. Bredikhina Yu.P. Physiological and biomechanical mechanisms of coordination of strike actions in combatants. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2015. no.394. pp. 194-200.
4. Lyakh V.I. Coordination abilities of schoolchildren: testing basics and development methods. Fizicheskaya kultura v shkole. 2000. no.5. pp. 3-10.
5. Usachev V.I., Abdulkerimov Kh.T., Grigoryev S.G., Sliva S.S. Automated computerized stabilographic diagnosis of ataxia using vector analysis and statistical method of “classification trees. Taganrog: RITM publ., 2004. 24 p.
6. Kholodov Zh.K., Kuznetsov V.S. Theory and methods of physical education and sports. Moscow: Akademiya publ., 2001, 480 p.
7. Shestakov M.P. Stabilometry in sports. M.: TVT Divizion publ., 2007. 112 p.

Corresponding author: grakhov.igrasnch@mail.ru

Abstract

Objective of the study was to develop and test benefits of a new motor coordination excellence model for the 16-18 year old skilled kickboxers.

Methods and structure of the study. The model was designed using the following methods: analysis of literary and documentary sources, theoretical modeling. The educational experiment was conducted at the premises of the Federal Training Center for Winter Sports "Snezhinka" named after A.A. Danilov at FSBEI HE Tchaikovsky State Institute of Physical Culture and the sports and fitness center "Fortuna" in Tchaikovsky town and lasted from September 2018 through May 2019. Sampled for the experiment were 30 kickboxers aged 16-18 years and having different sport qualifications: I senior degree, Candidate Master of Sport, and Master of Sport.

Results and conclusions. The article contains a description of the experimental model of development of motor coordination abilities in the kickboxers at the sport excellence stage. The basic component of the experimental model aimed to develop motor coordination abilities in the kickboxers at the sport excellence stage was the training tasks to be performed using the stabilographic analyzer "Stabilan 01-02".

The findings proved the effectiveness of the developed model, as confirmed by the higher levels of development of motor coordination abilities, technical fitness and competitive activity of the EG kickboxers versus the CG ones.